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Published on: July 22, 2020
Tumor-associated antigen prediction using a single-sample gene expression state inference algorithm
Xinpei Yi1, Hongwei Zhao2, Shunjie Hu2
1Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract:
We developed a Bayesian-based algorithm to infer gene expression states in individual samples and incorporated it into a workflow to identify tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) across 33 cancer types using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Our analysis identified 212 candidate TAAs, with 78 validated in independent RNA-seq datasets spanning seven cancer types. Eighteen of these TAAs were further corroborated by proteomics data, including 10 linked to liver cancer. We predicted that 38 peptides derived from these 10 TAAs would bind strongly to HLA-A02, the most common HLA allele. Experimental validation confirmed significant binding affinity and immunogenicity for 21 of these peptides. Notably, approximately 64% of liver tumors expressed one or more TAAs associated with these 21 peptides, positioning them as promising candidates for liver cancer therapies, such as peptide vaccines or T cell receptor (TCR)-T cell treatments. This study highlights the power of integrating computational and experimental approaches to discover TAAs for immunotherapy.
