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Intellectual disabilities and risk of cardiovascular diseases: A population-based cohort study

In Young Cho1, Hye Yeon Koo2, Yoo Jin Um3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine and Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Disability and Health Journal
|November 19, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with intellectual disability face a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly ischemic stroke, and death from circulatory issues. This highlights a critical need for increased cardiovascular risk awareness and management in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Cardiology
  • Disability Studies

Background:

  • Intellectual disability is linked to increased mortality from circulatory diseases.
  • The specific risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in individuals with intellectual disability remains unclear compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), MI, and ischemic stroke.
  • To assess the risk of death due to circulatory diseases in individuals with intellectual disability.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing Korean National Health Insurance Service and National Disability Registration System data.
  • Follow-up of individuals from 2009 to 2020, including health examination participants.
  • Cox-proportional hazard analyses were employed to estimate risks, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with intellectual disability showed a higher risk of CVD (aHR 1.71), ischemic stroke (aHR 2.21), and circulatory disease death (aHR 4.20).
  • No significant increased risk was found for myocardial infarction (MI) (aHR 1.24).
  • The study included over 3.8 million individuals, with 3642 having intellectual disability.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with intellectual disability have an elevated risk for CVD, especially ischemic stroke, and death from circulatory diseases.
  • Healthcare professionals must recognize and address the heightened CVD risk in individuals with intellectual disability.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseIntellectual disabilityIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionPersons with mental disabilities

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