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Nonequilibrium spin transport in integrable and nonintegrable classical spin chains.

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This study reveals anomalous spin transport in classical spin chains, aligning with Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality. Energy transport remains ballistic in integrable chains but becomes anomalous when integrability is broken.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Dynamics

Background:

  • Anomalous transport in low-dimensional spin chains offers insights into integrability and symmetry.
  • Previous studies linked spin-spin correlations to Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality.
  • Nonequilibrium spin transport in classical spin chains remained largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate spin and energy transport in classical spin chains under nonequilibrium conditions.
  • Examine transport behavior in both integrable and nonintegrable spin chains.
  • Analyze the impact of broken integrability and spin-symmetry on transport properties.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling classical spin chains (integrable and nonintegrable) to two reservoirs at different temperatures/magnetizations.
  • Simulating nonequilibrium steady states to measure spin and energy currents.
  • Analyzing system-size scaling of currents and spatial profiles of observables.

Main Results:

  • Anomalous scaling of spin current (J^s ∝ L^-μ) observed in both integrable and broken-integrability (spin-symmetry preserving) cases, with μ ≈ 2/3 (KPZ class).
  • Energy current remains ballistic (J^e ∝ L^-η, η ≈ 0) in the purely integrable case.
  • Integrability breaking (regardless of spin-symmetry) leads to a departure from ballistic energy transport (η > 0).

Conclusions:

  • Nonequilibrium spin transport in classical spin chains exhibits anomalous behavior consistent with KPZ universality.
  • Integrability plays a crucial role in determining energy transport characteristics, distinguishing between ballistic and anomalous regimes.
  • The interplay between integrability, symmetry, and nonequilibrium conditions significantly influences transport phenomena in spin chains.