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Summary
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The spiral of silence theory faces a new challenge in the digital age. An antispiral of silence emerges on social media, potentially driving opinion divergence and impacting public opinion evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Computational Social Science
  • Network Science

Background:

  • The spiral of silence theory, originating from mass media, suggests opinion suppression to avoid social exclusion.
  • Social media introduces an antispiral of silence, driven by self-awareness and online anonymity.
  • The interplay between these opposing forces shapes public opinion in digital networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the competition between the spiral of silence and the antispiral of silence in social networks.
  • To propose and validate a model for quantifying these phenomena and their impact on public opinion.
  • To explore the conditions under which opinion divergence or conformity prevails.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the spiral competition model (SCM) incorporating pseudo-opinions and anti-opinions.
  • Implementation of a time-varying network topology algorithm based on triangle closure.
  • Simulation analysis using Erdős-Rényi random networks and validation with Sina Weibo data.

Main Results:

  • The antispiral of silence can lead to significant opinion divergence, challenging the status quo.
  • If the antispiral of silence does not prevail, reversing public opinion trends becomes difficult.
  • The model demonstrates the complex dynamics of opinion formation in online social networks.

Conclusions:

  • Individual consciousness and online platforms can foster opinion pluralism.
  • Understanding the balance between these spirals is crucial for public opinion prediction.
  • This research offers insights into the evolution of public discourse in the digital era.