Renal Biopsy Registry from a Single Center in India: 20-year Experience

Background: There is a geographical variation in pattern of kidney diseases due to multiple factors. Renal biopsy is being performed to establish diagnosis of renal diseases. There are only a few biopsy registries which leads to paucity of information. This study was done to evaluate the spectrum of biopsy-proven renal diseases in a tertiary care hospital in southern India. Materials and methods: Renal biopsy records over 2 decades (2000-2020) performed in the Department of Nephrology in a tertiary care hospital in India were analyzed, and clinicopathological correlation was made. Results: Total of 4,532 renal biopsies were evaluated in our study after excluding inadequate biopsy samples. Of which males were 58 and 48% were females. Mean age in our study was 38.6 ± 31.4 years. The most common clinical presentation in our study was nephrotic syndrome (37.2%). On histology, the most common diagnosis was primary glomerulonephritis (49.9%), followed by secondary glomerular diseases (22%), tubulointerstitial (20.8%), and vascular diseases (3.3%). Minimal change disease (12.8%), diabetic nephropathy (11.3%), and acute tubulointerstitial diseases (11.2%) were the three most common histological diagnoses in our study. Conclusion: Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical presentation in our study. Minimal change disease was the most common histological diagnosis in our study. There is a need for a uniform nationwide renal biopsy registry in India and even regional renal biopsy registries to analyze the changing trends of renal diseases over time frame and to analyze regional differences in trends of renal diseases.