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The low bone mass density in adults with hypertension: A meta-analysis
Yao Gao1, Xiaomei Tian1,2, Guofu Zhang1,2
1Department of Radiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone (QingPu), Shanghai, 201713, PR China.
Insights
Hypertension is linked to a higher risk of low bone mass density (BMD) in adults. This meta-analysis confirms this association, though further research is needed to understand shared risk factors and heterogeneity in findings.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Osteoporosis and hypertension are prevalent, co-occurring public health challenges.
- Existing research suggests a correlation between hypertension and low bone mass density (BMD), but results are inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis exploring the association between low bone mass density (BMD) and hypertension in adults.
- To synthesize evidence from existing studies to clarify the relationship between these two conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases up to March 2024.
- Meta-analysis using random effects model to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs).
- Performed heterogeneity, subgroup, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 13 studies involving 6080 unique records.
- Pooled analysis indicated a significantly elevated risk of low BMD in hypertensive patients (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.17-1.53).
- A stronger association was observed in untreated hypertension (OR 1.64) compared to treated hypertension (OR 1.32).
Conclusions:
- Low bone mass density (BMD) is associated with hypertension in adults.
- Considerable heterogeneity across studies necessitates further investigation into shared risk factors and methodologies.
- Extensive epidemiological research is required to solidify these findings.
Objectives:
Osteoporosis and hypertension are frequently co-occurring disorders which cause significant challenges to the public health. According to some researches, adult persons with hypertension often have low bone mass density (BMD). However, there are discrepancies in the reported results. Thus, the primary objective of our meta-analysis is to explore the potential link between low BMD and hypertension in adults.
Methods:
Two authors systematically carried out a comprehensive review of the available literature on the connection of BMD and hypertension by retrieving PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Embase up to March 2024. The confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (ORs) and were estimated utilising the random effect model. Heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, sensibility analyses and publication bias were performed.
Results:
13 studies from the 6080 unique records were analyzed. Pooled analysis revealed that the danger of low BMD was significantly elevated in hypertensive patients than in non-hypertension (OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.17-1.53, I 2 = 79.9 %, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed a more pronounced link between low BMD and hypertension in the untreated hypertension group (OR 1.64, 95 % CI 0.45-6.02) as opposed to the cohort receiving antihypertensive medication (OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.16-1.51). The studies carried out in Europe were consistent with those of studies conducted in Asia and North America.
Conclusions:
Low BMD is associated with hypertension in adults. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether this finding is influenced by shared risk factors, given the considerable heterogeneity between study types and methodologies. Further extensive epidemiological documents are necessary.
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