Association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 to depression and blood-brain barrier penetration in cerebellar
Ju-Luo Chen1,2,3, Rui Wang2, Pei-Qi Ma3
1Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
Insights
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is linked to cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Elevated ICAM-1 levels may contribute to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and affect brain structure in CSVD patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Biology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common cerebrovascular condition often co-occurring with macrovascular disease.
- The precise etiological factors underlying CSVD remain incompletely understood.
- Understanding CSVD pathogenesis is crucial for effective clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in patients with CSVD.
- To explore the relationship between ICAM-1 and neuroimaging markers of brain structure in CSVD.
- To identify potential biomarkers for CSVD progression and complications.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 142 patients (80 with CSVD, 62 controls) was recruited from Fuyang People's Hospital and Fuyang Community.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, was used to assess brain structure (volume, cortical thickness, area).
- Neuropsychological tests were administered to evaluate cognitive function and depression severity.
Main Results:
- Multivariable analysis identified age and ICAM-1 levels as significant independent predictors of CSVD.
- Significant differences in white matter regions (ROI3, ROI4) and gray matter (ROI1) were observed between CSVD patients and controls.
- ICAM-1 levels showed significant correlations with cortical thickness in multiple brain regions within the CSVD group.
Conclusions:
- ICAM-1 is independently associated with the presence of CSVD.
- ICAM-1 may play a role in altering brain structure, particularly white matter cortical thickness.
- Findings suggest ICAM-1 involvement in blood-brain barrier dysfunction, contributing to CSVD pathogenesis.
Background:
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a prevalent cerebrovascular disease in clinical practice that is often associated with macrovascular disease. A clear understanding of the underlying causes of CSVD remains elusive.
Aim:
To explore the association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration in CSVD.
Methods:
This study included patients admitted to Fuyang People's Hospital and Fuyang Community (Anhui, China) between December 2021 and March 2022. The study population comprised 142 patients, including 80 in the CSVD group and 62 in the control group. Depression was present in 53 out of 80 patients with CSVD. Multisequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were applied in patients to determine the brain volume, cortical thickness, and cortical area of each brain region. Moreover, neuropsychological tests including the Hamilton depression scale, mini-mental state examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment basic scores were performed.
Results:
The multivariable analysis showed that age [P = 0.011; odds ratio (OR) = 0.930, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.880-0.983] and ICAM-1 levels (P = 0.023; OR = 1.007, 95%CI: 1.001-1.013) were associated with CSVD. Two regions of interest (ROIs; ROI3 and ROI4) in the white matter showed significant (both P < 0.001; 95%CI: 0.419-0.837 and 0.366-0.878) differences between the two groups, whereas only ROI1 in the gray matter showed significant difference (P = 0.046; 95%CI: 0.007-0.680) between the two groups. ICAM-1 was significantly correlated (all P < 0.05) with cortical thickness in multiple brain regions in the CSVD group.
Conclusion:
This study revealed that ICAM-1 levels were independently associated with CSVD. ICAM-1 may be associated with cortical thickness in the brain, predominantly in the white matter, and a significant increase in BBB permeability, proposing the involvement of ICAM-1 in BBB destruction.
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