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Microbiological Spectrum of Osteoarticular Infections and Their Management in Mongolian Children
Munkhtulga Ulziibat1, Michael Buettcher2,3,4,5, Uuganbayar Altankhuyag1
1National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Abstract:
Introduction. Osteoarticular infections (OI) in children cause considerable morbidity with associated long-lasting sequelae. Comprehensive clinical and microbiological data in Mongolian children are missing. Objectives. To generate epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data on osteoarticular infections (OI) in Mongolian children after the introduction of a standardized management protocol. Methods. A prospective study was done between 2019 and 2022 at the only tertiary pediatric hospital in Mongolia. Results. Forty-two children presented with septic arthritis (SA), 6 with osteomyelitis (OM) and 23 with combined SA and OM. Newborns and young infants (≤3 months) comprised 38.%. A causative organism was identified in 38 children: Staphylococcus aureus (n = 31), Klebsiella spp (n = 3), Enterobacter spp (n = 2), Enterobacter spp + Klebsiella spp (n = 1) and Candida albicans (n = 1). Five children (7%) had sequelae. Mongolian children with OI were younger compared to other cohorts. Conclusion. A standardized protocol for the management of OI in children was taken up well by the patients and treating staff leading to improved pathogen detection, facilitating antimicrobial stewardship in the future.
Insights
A standardized protocol improved clinical and microbiological data for pediatric osteoarticular infections (OI) in Mongolia. This approach enhances pathogen detection and supports future antimicrobial stewardship in managing these serious childhood conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Microbiology
- Clinical epidemiology
Background:
- Osteoarticular infections (OI) in children lead to significant morbidity and long-term complications.
- There is a lack of comprehensive clinical and microbiological data on pediatric OI in Mongolia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To collect epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological data on pediatric OI in Mongolia.
- To evaluate the impact of a standardized management protocol on OI care.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study was conducted from 2019 to 2022 at Mongolia's sole tertiary pediatric hospital.
- Data collected included patient demographics, clinical presentation, and microbiological findings.
Main Results:
- The study included 71 children with septic arthritis (SA), osteomyelitis (OM), or combined SA/OM.
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (n=31), followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.
- Mongolian children with OI were younger than those in other reported cohorts, with 38% being newborns or young infants.
Conclusions:
- The standardized OI management protocol was successfully implemented in Mongolia.
- Improved pathogen detection was observed, which is crucial for effective antimicrobial stewardship.
- The protocol adoption suggests a positive impact on managing pediatric OI in the region.
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