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Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms that perform photosynthesis without producing oxygen. They primarily include purple sulfur bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, and green nonsulfur bacteria. These bacteria are classified into the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Chlorobi, and Chloroflexi lineages, each with distinct physiological and ecological adaptations.Purple sulfur bacteria belong to the...
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Recurrent association between Trichodesmium colonies and calcifying amoebae.

Futing Zhang1,2, Siyuan Wang1,2, Anna-Neva Visser1,2,3

  • 1The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.

ISME Communications
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PubMed
Summary

A new study reveals a recurring association between Trichodesmium colonies and amoebae in the Red Sea. This interaction may accelerate the sinking of Trichodesmium, enhancing carbon and nitrogen export to the deep ocean.

Keywords:
TrichodesmiumTrichosphaeriumamoebaeassociationbuoyancycolonyinteraction

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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Biogeochemical cycles

Background:

  • Trichodesmium spp. are nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria crucial for marine carbon and nitrogen cycling.
  • These cyanobacteria form microbial consortia influencing ocean ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a seasonally recurrent association between Trichodesmium colonies and amoebae.
  • To understand the ecological implications of this interaction on marine biogeochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year survey of over 10,000 Trichodesmium colonies in the Red Sea.
  • Microscopic observation and 18S rRNA gene sequencing to identify amoebae.
  • Laboratory co-cultures and sinking experiments.

Main Results:

  • A consistent association between Trichodesmium puff colonies and amoebae, likely Trichosphaerium micrum, was observed, particularly in spring near-shore populations.
  • Laboratory cultures indicated amoebae consume heterotrophic bacteria, not Trichodesmium.
  • The presence of CaCO3-shelled amoebae reduced colony buoyancy, potentially increasing sinking rates.

Conclusions:

  • The association between Trichodesmium and T. micrum may accelerate nutrient export to the deep sea.
  • This interaction represents a novel dynamic in marine microbial communities.
  • Such associations could be widespread, impacting future ocean carbon and nitrogen cycles.