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Updated: May 3, 2026

Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor
Published on: February 16, 2018
Ultrasensitive Detection of Chemokines in Clinical Samples with Graphene-Based Field-Effect Transistors
David Kaiser1, Nikolaus Meyerbroeker2, Werner Purschke3,4
1Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
New graphene biosensors utilize a novel carbon nanomembrane layer for enhanced functionalization. This allows rapid, sensitive detection of biomarkers like CXCL8/IL-8 in patient samples for potential early disease diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Solution-gated graphene-based field-effect transistors (SG-GFETs) offer high sensitivity for biosensing.
- Challenges in functionalizing GFETs have limited their clinical diagnostic applications.
- Need for reliable and specific biomarker detection in complex biological samples.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop functionalized GFET sensors for reliable clinical diagnostics.
- To overcome limitations of GFET functionalization for real-world sample analysis.
- To enable rapid detection of specific biomarkers for early disease diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of GFET sensors using van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures.
- Incorporation of a carbon nanomembrane (CNM) as a molecular interposer.
- Bio-functionalization with l-aptamers and polyethylene glycol for specificity and reduced non-specific adsorption.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated rapid (≈5 min) detection of CXCL8/IL-8.
- Achieved sensitive detection within the clinically relevant concentration range of 0.5 - 500 pM.
- Successful detection in nasal swab samples from patients with respiratory tract infections.
Conclusions:
- The CNM interposer enables GFET bio-functionalization without compromising graphene properties.
- The developed sensor shows promise for specific and reliable detection of biomarkers in patient samples.
- This approach is a significant step towards developing advanced tools for early infectious disease diagnostics.
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