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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Published on: October 16, 2021
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in mitral valve disease
Pankaj Garg1,2, Anna Giulia Pavon3, Martin Penicka4
1Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, Norfolk, UK.
Abstract:
This paper describes the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in assessing patients with mitral valve disease. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most prevalent valvular heart diseases. It often progresses without significant symptoms, leading to left ventricular overload, dysfunction, frequent decompensated heart failure episodes, and excess mortality. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment is recommended for MR when routine ultrasound imaging information is insufficient or discordant. A well-planned CMR can provide an in-depth assessment of the mitral valve apparatus, leaflet morphology, and papillary muscles. In addition, it can precisely inform the impact of MR on left atrial and ventricular remodelling. The review aims to highlight established and emerging techniques for morphological assessment, flow assessment (including regurgitation and stenosis), myocardial assessment, and haemodynamic assessment of mitral valve disease by CMR. It also proposes a simplified clinical flow chart for CMR assessment of the mitral valve.
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