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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s
Published on: September 25, 2017
The biochemistry of the carcinogenic alcohol metabolite acetaldehyde
Liam A Thomas1, Richard J Hopkinson1
1Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Abstract:
Acetaldehyde (AcH) is the first metabolite of ethanol and is proposed to be responsible for the genotoxic effects of alcohol consumption. As an electrophilic aldehyde, AcH can form multiple adducts with DNA and other biomolecules, leading to function-altering and potentially toxic and carcinogenic effects. In this review, we describe sources of AcH in humans, including AcH biosynthesis mechanisms, and outline the structures, properties and functions of AcH-derived adducts with biomolecules. We also describe human AcH detoxification mechanisms and discuss ongoing challenges in the field.
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