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Two Years Post-COVID-19: An Ecologic Study Evaluating the Impact on Brazil's Mammographic Screening Program
Marcelo Antonini1, André Mattar2,3, Denise Joffily Pereira da Costa Pinheiro1
1Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
|November 21, 2024
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced mammograms in Brazil, leading to more advanced breast cancer diagnoses. This highlights potential delays in early detection and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Radiology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare services globally.
- Mammographic screening is crucial for early breast cancer detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pandemic's impact on mammographic screening in Brazil.
- To analyze changes in Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) results, cancer diagnosis rates, and stage.
Main Methods:
- Ecological observational study using retrospective data from Brazil's national screening program (2015-2023).
- Analysis of over 15 million mammograms from the DATASUS - SISCAN database.
- Focus on screening mammograms for women aged 50-69 years.
Main Results:
- Mammograms decreased by 39.6% in 2020 and 12.6% in 2021 compared to pre-pandemic levels.
- Increased rates of BIRADS categories 4 and 5 observed post-pandemic.
- Shift towards diagnosis of more advanced breast cancer stages (III and IV) after the pandemic.
Conclusions:
- The pandemic caused significant disruptions in mammographic screening and breast cancer diagnosis.
- Delayed detection and diagnosis likely contributed to identifying more advanced disease stages.
- Urgent strategies are needed to mitigate the long-term effects of pandemic-related screening interruptions.
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