[Clostridiodes difficile bacteraemia. First mexican case report]

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Microbiology
• Medical Case Reports

Background:

• Clostridioides difficile bacteremia (CDB) is an uncommon but severe complication of C. difficile infection.
• CDB is associated with increased mortality, particularly in patients with underlying gastrointestinal conditions.
• There is a lack of established treatment consensus for CDB, complicating patient management.

Observation:

• A 42-year-old female with a history of chronic thromboembolic disease and obesity developed community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization and antibiotics.
• During hospitalization, the patient was diagnosed with non-severe Clostridioides difficile infection and treated with vancomycin.
• Following initial treatment, the patient presented with recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms, including epigastric pain, fever, and diarrhea.

Findings:

• Blood cultures confirmed Clostridioides difficile bacteremia (CDB) via mass spectrophotometry analysis.
• The patient received a 10-day course of intravenous metronidazole for CDB.
• The CDB resolved, and the patient was discharged in stable condition.

Implications:

• Intravenous metronidazole demonstrated efficacy in treating CDB in this case.
• Metronidazole represents a potentially successful and accessible therapeutic option for CDB in Mexican healthcare settings.
• This case underscores the importance of considering CDB in severe C. difficile infections and highlights metronidazole as a viable treatment strategy.