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Migration00:53

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws...
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Assessing the Influence of Personality on Sensitivity to Magnetic Fields in Zebrafish
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Electromagnetic fields and diadromous fish spawning migration: An urgent call for knowledge.

Pieterjan Verhelst1, Ine Pauwels1, Lotte Pohl2

  • 1Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Havenlaan 88, box 73, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.

Marine Environmental Research
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PubMed
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Subsea power cables (SPCs) generate electromagnetic fields (EMF) that may impact diadromous fish migrations. Further research is urgently needed to understand these effects and inform policy for offshore wind development.

Keywords:
Electromagnetic fieldsOffshore wind farmsSubsea power cablesrenewable energy

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Fisheries Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Diadromous fish undertake critical spawning migrations between freshwater and marine habitats.
  • Populations have declined due to habitat loss, fragmentation, and overfishing.
  • Subsea power cables (SPCs) from offshore wind farms produce electromagnetic fields (EMF), posing a potential threat to migrating fish.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of EMF generated by SPCs on diadromous fish spawning migrations.
  • To address the knowledge gap regarding EMF effects on these vulnerable species.
  • To inform the development of international policy guidelines for SPC deployment.

Main Methods:

  • A combination of laboratory experiments and in situ field studies will be employed.
  • Investigating the sensory capabilities of diadromous species to detect EMF.
  • Assessing behavioral responses of fish to EMF during simulated migration routes.

Main Results:

  • The ability of some diadromous species to detect EMF has been established.
  • The specific impact of SPC-induced EMF on spawning migration success remains largely unknown.
  • Increased installation of SPCs will heighten the interaction with migrating fish populations.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent research is required to understand EMF impacts on diadromous fish migration.
  • Findings will inform the establishment of practical international policy guidelines for SPC deployment.
  • Mitigating EMF effects is crucial for the recovery of declining diadromous fish populations.