Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

705
In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
705
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

96
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence...
96
Cascaded Op Amps01:16

Cascaded Op Amps

589
Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are versatile electronic components that can be interconnected in a cascade - one after another in a linear sequence. This cascading is possible due to their infinite input resistance and zero output resistance, allowing them to maintain their input-output relationships even when connected in series.
In a cascaded system, each op-amp is referred to as a stage. The output of one stage drives the input of the subsequent stage. As the input signal passes through...
589
Design Example01:23

Design Example

316
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
316
Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

204
Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
204
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

227
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
227

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

TRIM5 integrates hypoglycemic stress and influenza infection.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

BMAL1-mediated transcriptional regulation of CYP3A13 drives circadian rhythms in intestinal first-pass metabolism.

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Impact of NPAS2 on mPFC dopamine synthesis and nap behavior.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

BR-GAN: structural-enhanced GAN with hybrid loss optimization for orbital angular momentum beam recovery.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Intestinal clock shapes sleep-wake cycle via sustaining glutamine homeostasis.

Cell metabolism·2025
Same author

Tangeretin mitigates ulcerative colitis by improving BMAL1-mediated intestinal barrier function.

Biochemical pharmacology·2025
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

9.8K

Ant-colony optimization-based multi-input multi-output (ACO-MIMO) equalization for low-complexity mode-division

Tianfeng Zhao, Feng Wen, Bianxia Feng

    Optics Express
    |November 22, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Two new Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-based schemes for mode-division multiplexing (MDM) systems significantly reduce computational complexity in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) equalization. These ACO-MIMO methods efficiently find optimal parameters, improving performance and reducing algorithm calls.

    More Related Videos

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    10.8K
    Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection
    08:01

    Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection

    Published on: December 15, 2015

    7.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.8K
    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    10.8K
    Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection
    08:01

    Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection

    Published on: December 15, 2015

    7.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Computational Intelligence

    Background:

    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) systems face computational complexity challenges in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) equalization.
    • Optimizing parameters like step size (μ) and number of taps (K) for finite impulse response (FIR) equalizers is crucial for performance.
    • Existing methods for parameter optimization are computationally intensive.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose novel Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-based MIMO equalization schemes for MDM systems.
    • To reduce the computational complexity associated with finding optimal equalization parameters (μ-K combination).
    • To evaluate the performance and robustness of the proposed schemes in a recirculating-loop transmission system.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of two ACO-based MIMO equalization schemes: fixed ACO-MIMO and random ACO-MIMO.
    • Experimental evaluation in a 3-mode recirculating-loop transmission system.
    • Comparison with conventional Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Steepest Descent Algorithm (SDA) schemes.

    Main Results:

    • ACO-MIMO schemes significantly reduce equalization algorithm calls by up to 42.74% (fixed) and 80.63% (random) compared to conventional methods.
    • Achieved a high hit-rate (Phit) of up to 99.34% for the optimal μ-K combination.
    • Demonstrated stable performance across various data sets and round-trips, confirming robust operation for long-haul MDM transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed ACO-MIMO schemes effectively alleviate computational burden in MDM MIMO equalization.
    • Both fixed and random ACO-MIMO schemes offer significant complexity reduction and high accuracy in parameter optimization.
    • The performance of both ACO-MIMO schemes is comparable under diverse bit-error-rate (BER) distributions.