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Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
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Multi-point vibration positioning method for long-distance forward transmission distributed vibration sensing.

Xing Rao, Shangwei Dai, Ming Chen

    Optics Express
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    This study demonstrates using telecom fiber optic cables for undersea monitoring. The new method precisely locates multiple simultaneous vibrations, enhancing geological and maritime surveillance capabilities.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geophysics and Oceanography
    • Optical Sensing and Communications

    Background:

    • Submarine fiber optic cables offer a unique opportunity for monitoring undersea events like earthquakes and tsunamis.
    • Existing sensing methods face limitations in spatial resolution and distinguishing multiple simultaneous events.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a distributed sensing system for long-distance vibration detection using existing submarine fiber optic cables.
    • To enhance the capability of distinguishing and quantifying multiple simultaneous vibration events.
    • To overcome the spatial resolution limitations imposed by traditional time-domain sampling rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of external physical perturbations on submarine optical cables and unprotected optical fibers.
    • Implementation of intensity and phase demodulation-based sensing systems for vibration sensing.
    • Extension of the phase-spectrum time delay method for forward-transmission distributed sensing.
    • Experimental demonstration over a 202.3 km single-span sensing distance.

    Main Results:

    • Successful multi-vibration positioning with an accuracy as low as 17.9 m for sine-wave vibrations.
    • Achieved a spatial resolution of 1.25 m, surpassing previous fundamental limits.
    • Demonstrated phase sensitivity of 40.6 mrad/µε and intensity sensitivity of 7.1%/µε.
    • Tested frequency range of 0.01-100 Hz with real-time processing capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • The forward transmission approach can transform the global internet fiber-optic network into a large-scale ocean observation network.
    • This technology allows for enhanced undersea event monitoring without compromising existing telecommunication operations or bandwidth.
    • The developed system offers significant potential for real-time, high-resolution monitoring of the marine environment.