Related Concept Videos
01:19Mechanism of heat transfer
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
01:14Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
01:20Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
01:21Joule-Thomson Effect
The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
01:14Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
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Spectral Design of Nano-Cerates for Emerging Passive Radiative Cooling Technologies: Theory Boosts Experiments.
Costanza Borghesi1,2, Roberto Bondi3, Francesco Marchini3
1Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering (DICA), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy.
Nano Letters
|November 22, 2024
Summary
Cerium oxide nanoceramics, like lanthanum and aluminum cerates, offer excellent temperature stability and solar reflectance. These materials show tunable infrared emissivity for advanced passive radiative cooling applications.
Keywords:
Defect-Dependent materials designDensity Functional TheoryPassive Radiative CoolingPhonon Dispersion AnalysisMore Related Videos
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Solid State Physics
Background:
- Ceramic nanoceramics are crucial for radiative thermal management.
- Enhanced solar reflectance is a key property for energy efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate La2Ce2O7 and Al2Ce2O7 nanoceramics for thermal management.
- Explore their potential for passive radiative cooling devices.
Main Methods:
- First-principles density functional theory calculations.
- Phonon dispersion analysis.
Main Results:
- La2Ce2O7 and Al2Ce2O7 exhibit superior temperature stability.
- Materials show strong UV-Vis/near-infrared reflectance.
- Tunable mid-infrared emissivity achieved through doping and impurities.
Conclusions:
- These cerate nanoceramics are excellent host matrices for controlled chromatic and thermal properties.
- Disorder and aluminum impurities enable selective infrared emittance for passive radiative cooling.