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FHIR-Based Arden Syntax Compiler for Clinical Decision Support.

Christian Weich1,2, Moritz Grob1,2, Andrea Rappelsberger1

  • 1Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Data Science, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|November 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new Arden Syntax 3.0 compiler using Truffle and ANTLR offers faster execution and better memory efficiency for clinical decision support systems. This enhances maintainability and user experience.

Keywords:
ANTLRArden SyntaxFHIRGraalVMHL7Truffle Language Implementation Frameworkcompiler

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Arden Syntax is a standard for encoding medical knowledge in clinical decision support systems.
  • Health Level 7 (HL7) oversees Arden Syntax evolution.
  • Arden Syntax 3.0 integrates FHIR for data retrieval, solving the 'curly braces problem'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel compiler for Arden Syntax 3.0.
  • Leverage modern tools like ANTLR and GraalVM's Truffle Framework for development.
  • Evaluate the compiler's performance against legacy systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new Arden Syntax 3.0 compiler.
  • Utilized ANTLR for lexical and parsing analysis.
  • Employed GraalVM with Truffle for semantic processing, optimization, and execution.
  • Conducted comprehensive testing against a legacy compiler.

Main Results:

  • The new compiler demonstrated significant improvements in execution speed.
  • Substantial gains in memory efficiency were observed.
  • Enhanced code quality, maintainability, and extensibility were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The Truffle-based compiler offers a robust and efficient replacement for legacy Arden Syntax compilers.
  • This advancement supports future development of Arden Syntax-based clinical decision support.
  • Improved performance and maintainability enhance the user experience.