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Henriette Vendelbo Graversen1, Carsten Shade Larsen1, Sanne Jespersen1

  • 1Afdeling for Infektionssygdomme, Aarhus Universitetshospital.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|November 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A traveler developed severe respiratory and circulatory failure after ceftriaxone, initially suspected as sepsis. This was later identified as a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction to leptospirosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with fever and myalgia post-travel to Mauritius.
  • Initial symptoms suggested sepsis, necessitating intensive care with respiratory and vasopressor support.

Observation:

  • Sudden onset of respiratory and circulatory failure occurred hours after intravenous ceftriaxone administration.
  • Differential diagnoses including anaphylaxis and pulmonary embolism were ruled out.

Findings:

  • The patient tested positive for leptospirosis.
  • The observed acute failure was attributed to a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, a response to antibiotic treatment of spirochetal infections.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering infectious etiologies and their treatment complications in returning travelers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Underscores the potential for Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions in leptospirosis, mimicking other critical conditions.
  • Emphasizes careful patient monitoring during antibiotic initiation for suspected infections in endemic areas.