Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

480
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
480
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

6.5K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.5K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

2.0K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
2.0K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

849
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
849
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

1.8K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
1.8K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

3.7K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Adaptive class rebalancing and spatial-aware metadata fusion for long-tailed skin lesion classification.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Endophytic Fungus Clonostachys chloroleuca Cc620: Enhance Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Resistance and Resilience in Wheat.

Plant, cell & environment·2026
Same author

Lactate binds and inhibits the innate immune sensor STING to promote tumor immune evasion.

Immunity·2026
Same author

Erratum to PGK1-coupled HSP90 stabilizes GSK3β expression to regulate the stemness of breast cancer stem cells.

Cancer biology & medicine·2026
Same author

Utilizing Molecular Dynamics and Mechanistic Pharmacokinetic Studies in the Design of Selective CDK2 Inhibitors.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Real-Time Assessment of Cut Tobacco Alignment Orderliness Using an Improved Single-Stage Regression Model.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.5K

Complement regulation in tumor immune evasion.

Guijun Liu1, Xuxiao He1, Gaoxiang Zhao2

  • 1Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Frontier Medical Research on Cancer Metabolism, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China; Institute of Fundamental and Transdisciplinary Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China.

Seminars in Immunology
|November 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system aids immune responses against pathogens and damaged cells. In tumors, it can paradoxically promote immune evasion and cancer progression.

Keywords:
Complement systemImmune cellsImmunityMCRPTumorTumor microenvironment

More Related Videos

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
09:01

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

296
Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model
07:49

Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model

Published on: April 13, 2015

20.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.5K
Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
09:01

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

296
Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model
07:49

Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model

Published on: April 13, 2015

20.1K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is a key part of innate and adaptive immunity.
  • It helps eliminate pathogens and damaged cells, including cancer cells.
  • Its regulation is integrated with cell-mediated immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the dual roles of the complement system in the tumor microenvironment.
  • To understand how complement influences tumor progression and immune evasion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on complement pathways in cancer.
  • Analysis of complement's interactions with tumor and immune cells.
  • Investigation of complement activation-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The complement system has both immune-promoting and immune-suppressing functions in tumors.
  • It mediates both immune and non-immune functions affecting tumor cells.
  • Complement pathways contribute to tumor immune evasion and progression.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system plays a complex, context-dependent role in cancer.
  • Targeting complement pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand complement's impact on the tumor microenvironment.