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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pediatric onset multiple sclerosis in Kuwait.

Raed Alroughani1, Malak AlMojel2, Dalal Qasem2

  • 1Division of Neurology, Amiri Hospital, Arabian Gulf Street, Sharq 13041, Kuwait.

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
|November 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) in Kuwait predominantly affects females and often presents with brainstem/cerebellar symptoms. Many POMS patients maintain a relapsing phenotype, with disease breakthrough common on platform therapies.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyKuwaitPediatric multiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Limited epidemiological data exists for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) in the Middle East.
  • Understanding POMS characteristics is crucial for effective management in this region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the demographic and clinical features of POMS in Kuwait.
  • To provide insights into disease presentation, phenotype, and treatment response in a Middle Eastern cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 249 patients with POMS (onset < 18 years) meeting International Pediatric MS Study Group criteria.
  • Analysis of demographic data, clinical presentation, disease phenotype, and treatment history.

Main Results:

  • 70.3% of POMS patients were female, with a mean age at onset of 15.06 years.
  • Brainstem/cerebellar (34.9%), spinal (29.3%), and visual pathway (27.3%) symptoms were common initial presentations.
  • 83.5% maintained a relapsing-remitting phenotype; 36.1% experienced disease breakthrough on platform therapies.

Conclusions:

  • POMS in Kuwait primarily affects females and often presents with neurological symptoms affecting the brainstem, cerebellum, or spinal cord.
  • The majority of POMS patients exhibit a relapsing-remitting course, and disease breakthrough is a frequent challenge, particularly with initial platform therapies.