Medical education challenges during the war crisis in Sudan: a cross-sectional study, 2023-2024

The ongoing war crisis in Khartoum, Sudan, has created significant challenges for medical students, impacting their education. A cross-sectional study involving 224 medical students was conducted in Khartoum state to explore the challenges faced by medical students during this crisis, using a structured Google Form questionnaire. The majority of participants were female (65.6%), fourth-year students (36.6%), and aged between 22 and 25 years (66.8%). Notably, 92% of the participants had been displaced from Khartoum. The study found that a majority of participants reported experiencing physiological distress, with study distractions (65.2%), anxiety (51.8%), and depression (49.1%). Significant gender differences were observed, with females reporting higher psychological distress compared to males (p-value = 0.04). Additionally, 45% of participants noted that the war led to a shortage of experienced teaching staff, and 56.6% raised concerns about the potential decline in the quality standards of their university's curriculum. Nearly 48% of participants expressed a desire to collaborate with international or local universities in stable regions to continue their education. However, 20.2% believed that online learning can effectively maintain the continuity of their education. A significant correlation was found between university type and the ability to resume activities online or outside of Khartoum State (p-value = 0.01). The study concludes that the war crisis in Khartoum State has had significant, negative consequences for medical students, impacting their mental well-being, access to necessary resources, and overall learning experiences. Immediate interventions, psychological support, and increased coordination and collaboration among international and regional academic institutions are needed.