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Pathological Analysis of Lung Metastasis Following Lateral Tail-Vein Injection of Tumor Cells
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Vaping and tumor metastasis: current insights and progress.

Yibo Xi1, Lei Yang1, Barbara Burtness2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.

Cancer Metastasis Reviews
|November 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use may increase cancer metastasis by promoting tumor cell spread, dormancy, and colonization. E-cigs induce epigenetic changes, potentially worsening cancer outcomes and highlighting the need for further research.

Keywords:
E-cigaretteEpigenetic modificationsEpithelial-mesenchymal transitionMetastasisTumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tumor metastasis is a leading cause of cancer mortality.
  • The impact of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) on cancer metastasis is not well understood.
  • E-cigs are increasingly popular as a safer alternative to traditional smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on e-cig effects on cancer metastasis.
  • To incorporate new findings on e-cig's role in tumor progression.
  • To focus on dissemination, dormancy, and colonization processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature synthesis on e-cig and cancer metastasis.
  • Analysis of laboratory findings on e-cig and tumor progression.
  • Investigation of epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications) and their role.

Main Results:

  • E-cig exposure enhances metastatic potential by inducing EMT, lymphangiogenesis, and pre-metastatic niche alteration.
  • E-cigs cause epigenetic changes, including upregulation of KDM6B in macrophages.
  • These changes impact the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promote metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • E-cig use may significantly promote cancer metastasis through multiple mechanisms.
  • Epigenetic alterations induced by e-cigs play a crucial role in enhancing metastatic potential.
  • Further research is needed to understand long-term health risks and inform public health policy.