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Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Defects in Perinatal Infants in Guangxi, China
Zhenren Peng1,2,3,4,5,6, Jie Wei1,2, Xiuning Huang1,2
1Birth Defects Research Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, People's Republic of China.
Insights
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are increasing in Guangxi, China, with higher prevalence linked to maternal age. Atrial septal defect/patent foramen ovale and patent ductus arteriosus were the most common CHDs subtypes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Cardiology
Background:
- Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent a significant global health concern.
- Understanding epidemiological trends is crucial for effective public health interventions.
- Guangxi, China, has a substantial population requiring specific regional data on CHDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the evolving prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of CHDs in perinatal infants (PIs) within Guangxi, China.
- To analyze trends in CHDs prevalence over a defined period.
- To identify key demographic and clinical factors associated with CHDs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Guangxi Birth Defects Monitoring Network (GXBDMN) for 3,627,108 PIs from 2016-2020.
- Analyzed annual trends in total CHDs and subtype prevalence using prevalence-rate ratios (PRR).
- Examined correlations between CHDs prevalence and factors like year, infant gender, maternal age, and quarter.
Main Results:
- Overall CHDs prevalence was 29.82 per 10,000 PIs (2016-2020), accounting for 24.50% of all birth defects.
- The 6 most common CHDs subtypes (ASD/PFO, PDA, VSD, AVSD, PLSVC, TOF) comprised 86.24% of cases.
- A significant increase in CHDs prevalence was observed (PRR=1.300), strongly associated with increased maternal age (PRR=2.738).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of CHDs in Guangxi shows a rising trend.
- Maternal age is a significant contributing factor to the increasing prevalence of CHDs.
- Specific subtypes like ASD/PFO, PDA, and VSD are the most prevalent.
Purpose:
To explore the changing trends in the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in perinatal infants (PIs) in Guangxi, China.
Patients And Methods:
During 2016 and 2020, the Guangxi Birth Defects Monitoring Network (GXBDMN) monitored a total of 3627108 PIs in this study. The CHDs data for PIs can be obtained from the GXBDMN. The study analyzed the changing trends of total CHDs prevalence and each subtype of CHDs prevalence per year using prevalence-rate ratios (PRR). The correlation between characteristics (such as year, infant gender, maternal age, and quarter) and the prevalence of CHDs was also examined by the PRR.
Results:
Between 2016 and 2020, 10817 PIs were diagnosed with CHDs, resulting in an overall CHDs prevalence of 29.82 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 29.26-30.38] per 10000 PIs. CHDs accounted for 24.50% of all types of BDs, making them the most common type of BDs. Atrial septal defect / patent foramen ovale (ASD/PFO), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) were the 6 most common subtypes of CHDs. Together they accounted for 86.24% of all CHDs cases, with a total prevalence of 25.72 (95% CI: 25.20-26.24) per 10000 PIs. The study period saw a significant increase in the prevalence of CHDs (PRR = 1.300, 95% CI: 1.283-1.318), and the maternal age also played a significant role in this increase (PRR = 2.738, 95% CI: 2.428-3.087).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of CHDs in Guangxi is rising and has an upward trend with maternal age. ASD/PFO, PDA, VSD, AVSD, PLSVC, and TOF were the top six subtypes of CHDs.
