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GOES-R Series X-Ray Sensor (XRS): 1. Design and Pre-Flight Calibration.

Thomas N Woods1, Thomas Eden1, Francis G Eparvier1

  • 1Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO USA.

Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics
|November 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The X-Ray Sensor (XRS) on GOES-R satellites provides crucial solar flare data using improved silicon photodiodes. This next-generation instrument ensures continuity in solar X-ray irradiance measurements and offers new flare location data for space weather operations.

Keywords:
X‐ray photometersolar X‐Ray irradiancesolar flaresspace weather instrumentation

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Area of Science:

  • * Space Physics
  • * Solar Physics
  • * Satellite Instrumentation

Background:

  • * The X-Ray Sensor (XRS) has monitored solar soft X-ray irradiance since 1975, providing essential data for space weather.
  • * Solar flares are classified by X-ray irradiance levels, crucial for operational space weather forecasting.
  • * Previous XRS instruments (GOES-1 to GOES-15) had a different design than the current GOES-R series.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To present the design and pre-flight calibration of the next-generation GOES-R XRS instrument.
  • * To ensure data continuity with previous XRS measurements while improving performance.
  • * To introduce new data products, including real-time flare location.

Main Methods:

  • * Utilized silicon photodiodes instead of ionization cells for enhanced performance.
  • * Incorporated multiple channels per spectral band for a wider dynamic range.
  • * Conducted accurate radiometric calibrations using the NIST Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility.

Main Results:

  • * The GOES-R XRS maintains two unchanged spectral bands (0.05-0.4 nm and 0.1-0.8 nm) for irradiance measurement.
  • * New instrument design offers improved performance and a wider dynamic range.
  • * Quadrant photodiodes enable a novel real-time solar flare location data product.

Conclusions:

  • * The GOES-R XRS instrument is a significant advancement over its predecessors.
  • * The new design ensures data continuity and provides enhanced capabilities for space weather monitoring.
  • * The instrument is ready for in-flight measurements, with results detailed in a subsequent paper.