Impact of the Marangoni phenomenon on the different Enhanced Oil Recovery methods

The occurrence of the Marangoni phenomenon is due to the surface tension gradient within a system, resulting in the creation of a convective flow from low surface tension to high surface tension points. This phenomenon arises from changes in solvent concentration, temperature and electric charge. In the context of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process, changing solvent concentration at the interface of two fluids in matrix fracturing systems caused by gas injection (in immiscible, immiscible and near-miscible conditions) and surfactant flooding, can enhance oil recovery by increasing the Marangoni effect. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the Marangoni phenomenon in oil recovery and the first investigation of this effect in conjunction with other related phenomena. The findings demonstrate that the Marangoni flow is not only present but also significantly impacts bypass oil recovery. The magnitude of the Marangoni effect is directly proportional to the absolute value of the temperature and concentration gradient at the interface. Despite being less recognized in petroleum engineering, this phenomenon has the potential to recover bypassed oil in both the matrix and low permeability zones. Experimental data indicates that under favorable conditions, the Marangoni phenomenon can increase the amount of EOR by approximately 35 %.