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Neuropathy target esterase in human lymphocytes and platelets.

M Maroni, M L Bleecker

    Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Measuring neuropathy target esterase (NTE) in blood platelets offers a reliable method for biomonitoring exposure to organophosphorous compounds. Platelet NTE activity is easier to isolate and quantify than lymphocyte NTE, aiding in assessing OPIDN risk.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Toxicology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Organophosphorous-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) is a neurological disorder.
    • Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is the key enzyme involved in OPIDN.
    • Biomonitoring of NTE activity in blood cells can assess OPIDN risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of blood lymphocytes and platelets as biomonitors for OPIDN.
    • To optimize methods for NTE activity measurement in these cells.
    • To assess the correlation between NTE activity in different blood components.

    Main Methods:

    • Separation of lymphocytes and platelets from whole blood.
    • Purification of NTE using Ficoll/Pacque and sucrose-gradient centrifugation.
    • Measurement of NTE activity and assessment of sample preservation.

    Main Results:

    • Platelet contamination significantly affected lymphocyte NTE activity measurements.
    • Sucrose-gradient centrifugation improved lymphocyte purity.
    • NTE activity was not preserved at -80°C in either cell type.
    • Platelet NTE activity averaged 8.36 nmol min-1 mg protein-1; lymphocyte NTE activity averaged 13.34 nmol min-1 mg protein-1.
    • A strong correlation was observed between platelet and lymphocyte NTE activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Platelet NTE activity is a potentially preferable biomarker for organophosphorous compound exposure due to simpler isolation and higher purity.
    • NTE activity measurement in platelets can aid in assessing the risk of developing OPIDN.
    • No correlation was found between NTE activity and common neuropathic risk factors like age or smoking.

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