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The Rochester Model for Spinal CSF Leak Repair Simulation and Scoring.

Muhammad I Jalal¹, Gabrielle Santangelo², Joshua Samodal²

¹University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester , New York , USA.

Operative Neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)

|November 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed an affordable, 3D-printed spinal model for practicing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak repair. The model and new assessment criteria (ROCL) offer realistic, cost-effective surgical simulation training.

Keywords:

3D model CSF leak repair Durotomy Simulation Surgical simulation

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Medical Simulation
3D Printing Technology

Background:

Iatrogenic spinal durotomies occur in 1-17% of surgeries.
A need exists for accessible and validated surgical simulation for durotomy repair.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and validate a low-cost, 3D-printed model for spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak repair.
To introduce the Rochester original objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) CSF leak (ROCL) repair criteria for proficiency assessment.

Main Methods:

A 3D-printed lumbar spine model with a simulated dura was created.
Participants practiced repairing a 1.5-cm durotomy using microinstruments.
The 25-point ROCL criteria, adapted from OSATS, were used for blinded assessment.

Main Results:

The 3D-printed model was found to be realistic and useful for improving surgical technique.
Attendings (median 19/25) and residents (median 15/25) demonstrated proficiency using the ROCL score.
The model is affordable (approx. $20) and reusable, with low-cost consumables.

Conclusions:

An affordable, realistic, and educational 3D-printed model for spinal CSF leak repair has been developed.
The ROCL criteria provide a validated method for assessing surgical repair proficiency in simulation.