Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.2K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.2K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.1K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.1K
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

9.8K
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
9.8K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.0K
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

7.3K
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
7.3K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

11.2K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
11.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ROS-SUMO Crosstalk in Oxidative Stress: Disease Mechanisms and Reproductive Health.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Auto-sumoylation of the yeast Ubc9 E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme extends cellular lifespan.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

HSD17B4 deficiency causes dysregulation of primary cilia and is alleviated by acetyl-CoA.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Yeast Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO) Protease Ulp2 is Involved in RNA Splicing.

Development & reproduction·2024
Same author

Carnitine Protects against MPP<sup>+</sup>-Induced Neurotoxicity and Inflammation by Promoting Primary Ciliogenesis in SH-SY5Y Cells.

Cells·2022
Same author

SUMOylation and Major Depressive Disorder.

International journal of molecular sciences·2022
Same journal

Vigorous Physical Activity Mitigates Susceptibility to Obesity Associated with Risk Genotypes of <i>FTO</i> and <i>MC4R</i>, and <i>SREBF1</i> Is Hypermethylated: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

Epigenomes·2026
Same journal

Remodelling of miRNA Regulatory Landscape During West Nile Virus (WNV) Infection.

Epigenomes·2026
Same journal

The Role of Epigenetics in Corneal Fibrosis.

Epigenomes·2026
Same journal

Dual Functionality of miRNAs During HIV Infection: From Viral Genome Suppression to Immune Response Modulation.

Epigenomes·2026
Same journal

Nuclear Transfer Perturbs Genomic Balance.

Epigenomes·2026
Same journal

5mC and 6mA DNA Methylation in the Fungal Kingdom: From Genome Defense to Epigenetic Regulation.

Epigenomes·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

6.4K

Histone Modification Pathways Suppressing Cryptic Transcription.

Hong-Yeoul Ryu1,2

  • 1KNU G-LAMP Project Group, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.

Epigenomes
|November 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histone modifications like H3K36 and H3K4 methylation prevent cryptic transcription, unintended gene expression that can harm cells. Understanding these epigenetic marks is key to maintaining transcriptional fidelity and developing new disease therapies.

Keywords:
H3K36 methylationH3K4 methylationRpd3S HDAC complexSet3 HDAC complexcryptic transcription

More Related Videos

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K
Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark
10:09

Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark

Published on: January 26, 2018

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

6.4K
In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K
Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark
10:09

Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark

Published on: January 26, 2018

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Molecular Biology
  • Gene Regulation
  • Chromatin Biology

Background:

  • Cryptic transcription involves unintended gene expression from non-canonical genomic sites, potentially leading to aberrant proteins and disrupted cellular functions.
  • Histone modifications are crucial epigenetic regulators influencing chromatin structure and gene expression.
  • Specific histone methylation marks, H3K36 and H3K4, are implicated in controlling transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of histone modifications, specifically H3K36 and H3K4 methylation, in modulating cryptic transcription.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which these histone marks maintain transcriptional fidelity and cellular integrity.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic avenues for diseases linked to dysregulated gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • This opinion piece reviews existing literature on histone modifications and cryptic transcription.
  • Focuses on the functional roles of H3K36 tri-methylation and H3K4 di-methylation.
  • Discusses the involvement of histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes, such as Rpd3S and Set3, in regulating chromatin states.

Main Results:

  • H3K36 tri-methylation recruits the Rpd3S HDAC complex, promoting closed chromatin and preventing cryptic initiation within gene bodies.
  • Crosstalk between H3K4 di-methylation, ubiquitylation, and sumoylation recruits the Set3 HDAC complex, suppressing gene body acetylation and cryptic transcription.
  • These histone modifications collectively maintain transcriptional fidelity.

Conclusions:

  • Histone modifications, particularly H3K36 and H3K4 methylation, are critical regulators that suppress cryptic transcription.
  • The interplay between histone marks and HDAC complexes is essential for preserving cellular integrity and proper gene expression.
  • Further research into these mechanisms may offer novel therapeutic strategies for age-related and other diseases.