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Related Concept Videos

The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

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The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
367

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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A positionally stable anatomic smooth breast implant.

Hector F Salazar1, Tim Y Li1, Sophia Salingaros1

  • 1Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States of America.

Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England)
|November 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel positionally stable smooth implant (PSSI) was developed to maintain breast implant stability without texture. This innovative design shows promising results for tissue ingrowth and stability, offering a safe alternative.

Keywords:
BIA-ALCLBreast implantsanimal implantscustomizable implantsimplant stabilityinnovationtextured implants

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Textured breast implants, previously favored for positional stability, were recalled due to links with breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL).
  • This recall created a need for textured-surface alternatives that provide stability without compromising patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer and evaluate a novel smooth breast implant with enhanced positional stability.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and stability of the positionally stable smooth implant (PSSI) through tissue integration and mechanical performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of anatomically shaped, smooth silicone breast implant shells with integrated cylindrical wells using 3D-printed molds.
  • Subcutaneous implantation of PSSI, control smooth, and control textured implants in a rat model for 12 weeks.
  • Assessment of implant stability via rotation measurements, and histological and Micro-computed tomography (MicroCT) analyses of implant-capsule units.

Main Results:

  • The PSSI demonstrated significant tissue ingrowth into its surface wells by 4 weeks post-implantation.
  • Both textured implants and PSSI with optimized well dimensions showed statistically significant superior positional stability compared to standard smooth implants at 12 weeks.
  • No significant differences in capsule thickness or collagen content were observed between the groups, indicating good biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • The positionally stable smooth implant (PSSI) effectively achieves positional stability through surface topography and tissue integration, mimicking the benefits of textured surfaces.
  • PSSI presents a promising, safe alternative to textured breast implants, addressing the need for stability without the associated risks of BIA-ALCL.
  • Further research and clinical evaluation are warranted to confirm the long-term safety and efficacy of PSSI in reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery.