Posture and Pain: Beliefs and Attitudes of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

Posture is often associated with pain by patients, professionals, and health information channels. However, the extent to which patients perceive the relationship between posture and chronic pain is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate and understand the beliefs and attitudes related to posture among patients with chronic low back pain.

This is a qualitative descriptive study that investigated individuals with chronic low back pain, who were on the waiting list for physiotherapy. Data were collected through individual and semi-structured interviews. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data.

Fifteen adults (11 women and 4 men) were interviewed. Three themes were identified and mapped within the dimensions proposed by the Common Sense Model: (1) Identity, (2) Cause and (3) Control. Participants' statements about posture predominantly followed the biomedical model, with participants holding a mental representation of a 'correct' posture necessary for maintaining a healthy spine. They associated perceived incorrect postures or positions with the cause or worsening of pain. To control symptoms, participants believed that constant care and monitoring of posture in various situations were necessary.

Misconceptions about ideal posture and its relationship to chronic pain can lead individuals with low back pain to engage in constant monitoring and avoid certain movements and positions in daily activities. These beliefs may negatively impact prognosis, contribute to the maintenance of symptoms, and affect adherence to treatments.