Phenotypic and functional disparities in perivascular adipose tissue
Erling Guo1, Dan Liu2, Ziming Zhu3
1College of Physical Education, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, China.
Frontiers in Physiology
|November 26, 2024
Summary
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) influences blood vessel function by releasing signaling molecules. This review explores how PVAT
Area of Science:
- Adipose tissue biology
- Vascular physiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an ectopic fat depot surrounding blood vessels.
- PVAT releases adipokines that regulate vascular function via paracrine and endocrine signaling.
- PVAT exhibits distinct regional phenotypes (white, brown, or mixed) and functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review factors influencing the anticontractile function of regional PVAT.
- To explore PVAT heterogeneity, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mediation, adiponectin-eNOS pathway activity, and norepinephrine (NE) concentration.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on PVAT function and regional differences.
- Analysis of mechanisms regulating vascular tone by PVAT.
- Examination of adipokine and neurotransmitter roles in PVAT.
Main Results:
- Regional PVAT exhibits phenotypic heterogeneity affecting secretion profiles and NE content.
- PVAT influences vascular function through adipokines, notably adiponectin via the eNOS pathway.
- Norepinephrine concentration in PVAT impacts vascular regulation.
Conclusions:
- Regional differences in PVAT composition and signaling molecules contribute to vascular heterogeneity.
- PVAT plays a significant role in regulating vascular tone through complex mechanisms.
- Further research into PVAT's role in vascular health is warranted.
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