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Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice
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Inflammatory mediators' essence in apical periodontitis.

Nikola Milojevic1, Ema Krdzovic Lazic2, Lazar Lukic3

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.

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Apical periodontitis (AP) involves chronic inflammation caused by root canal infections. This review details inflammatory mediators driving periapical tissue damage and alveolar bone loss.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Apical periodontitis (AP) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting periradicular tissues.
  • Microbial factors from infected root canals are primary triggers of the inflammatory process in AP.
  • The host response involves complex interactions between microbes and immune systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on inflammatory mediators in apical periodontitis.
  • To explore the role of these mediators in alveolar bone resorption.
  • To highlight key molecules involved in the inflammatory cascade.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review of existing literature.
  • It focuses on inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases.
  • The review examines regulators of bone resorption and oxidative stress components.

Main Results:

  • Inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases, play a crucial role in AP.
  • These mediators orchestrate immune cell activation and inflammatory responses.
  • They are directly implicated in the induction of alveolar bone resorption.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding inflammatory mediators is key to addressing AP pathogenesis.
  • Targeting these mediators may offer therapeutic strategies for preventing bone loss.
  • Further research into these molecular networks is essential for effective treatment.