Comparative reliability of D-xylose absorption and serum beta-carotene measurements in small intestinal disease

Comparative reliability of D-xylose absorption and serum beta-carotene measurements was studied in 63 healthy and sick children suspected of having proximal small intestinal disease. Group 1 included children with newly diagnosed celiac disease (CD) who were on a normal diet (xylose, n = 46; carotene, n = 43); group 2 included children with CD in remission (xylose, n = 17; carotene, n = 15); group 3 included children with CD in remission, but who were exposed to a gluten-containing diet for an average of 1.4 years (xylose, n = 19; carotene, n = 17); and group 4 included 17 healthy children, insofar as this study is concerned, in whom serum carotene was examined. The means of serum xylose of groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than the mean of group 2 (p less than 0.001 in both cases). D-Xylose had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 100%. The mean serum carotene concentration for group 2 patients with CD in remission was equal to the mean of group 4, which included healthy children. The means of groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than the means of groups 2 and 4 (p less than 0.001 in all cases). Serum beta-carotene had a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 87.5%. The use of these two serum tests in combination would give a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 94.1%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)