Key Takeaways and Progress on Leveraging EMS in Overdose Response Among Five Learning Collaborative States

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Emergency Medical Services
• Substance Use Disorder Treatment

Background:

• Substance use disorders and overdose events pose significant public health challenges.
• Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are increasingly recognized for their potential role in harm reduction and treatment linkage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To support states in developing and implementing action plans to expand the role of EMS in overdose prevention and substance use disorder support.
• To explore evidence-informed best practices for EMS interventions in harm reduction.

Main Methods:

• Collaboration between the National Governors Association (NGA) Center for Best Practices and the National Association of State Emergency Medical Services Officials (NASEMSO).
• Support provided to five pilot states (Kentucky, Ohio, South Carolina, Vermont, Wisconsin) in developing and implementing action plans.
• Implementation of initiatives such as EMS-initiated buprenorphine pilot programs, statewide naloxone leave-behind programs, and protocol modifications.

Main Results:

• States developed and implemented action plans to integrate harm reduction strategies within EMS.
• Pilot programs for EMS-initiated buprenorphine and statewide naloxone leave-behind programs were established.
• EMS protocols were updated to facilitate the use of evidence-informed practices for overdose prevention and treatment linkage.

Conclusions:

• Expanding the role of EMS can enhance overdose prevention efforts and support individuals with substance use disorders.
• Harm reduction strategies and linkage to treatment are critical components of effective EMS interventions.
• Statewide initiatives and protocol changes are vital for successful implementation of expanded EMS roles.