Continuing evaluation of the Queen's University tactile vocoder. I: Identification of open set words

Identification of open set words, by an experienced normal hearing subject using the tactile vocoder developed at Queen's University, was examined. The tactile vocoder filters and processes the acoustic waveform into 16 filter channels, each of which controls a vibrator on the skin surface. After acquiring a 250-word vocabulary through the tactile vocoder, the subject was presented with three sets of 1000 different open set words in three reception conditions. The percentages of words correctly identified in the tactile vocoder (TV), lipreading (L), and lipreading plus tactile vocoder (L + TV) conditions were 8.8, 39.4, and 68.7 percent respectively. Phonemic analysis of stimulus/response pairs revealed that 36.7, 64.9 and 85.5 percent of the phonemes were correctly identified in TV, L, and L + TV conditions, respectively, indicating that incorrect-response words often contained many correct phonemes. Also, syllabic stress of stimulus and response words was identical 88 percent of the time in the TV condition. Important information about speech was transmitted through the tactile vocoder.