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Lateral Flow Assay for Preeclampsia Screening Using DNA Hairpins and Surface-Enhanced Raman-Active Nanoprobes

Ka Wai Ng1, Siddhant Jaitpal1, Ngoc Nhu Vu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

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Summary

A new lateral-flow assay (LFA) detects hsa-miR-17-5p, a potential early biomarker for preeclampsia (PE). This innovation aims for accessible, global screening during early pregnancy.

Keywords:
DNA hairpinlateral flow assaymicroRNAsnanocompositespaper microfluidicspreeclampsiasurface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant pregnancy complication with severe maternal and fetal risks, often detected late.
  • Late diagnosis of PE is particularly problematic in low- and middle-income countries, contributing to high maternal mortality rates.
  • Early detection of PE is crucial for improving outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sensitive and specific screening test for early preeclampsia detection.
  • To utilize hsa-miR-17-5p as a first-trimester biomarker for preeclampsia.
  • To create a globally accessible diagnostic tool for preeclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a lateral-flow assay (LFA) for measuring hsa-miR-17-5p levels.
  • Incorporation of DNA-hairpin recognition elements for enhanced assay specificity.
  • Utilization of nanoprobes and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERS) for sensitive signal transduction.

Main Results:

  • The developed LFA demonstrated the potential for early preeclampsia detection.
  • The assay achieved a theoretical limit of detection for hsa-miR-17-5p of 3.84 × 10⁻⁴ pg/µL using SERS.
  • The combination of DNA-hairpins and SERS-nanoprobes enabled sensitive and specific detection.

Conclusions:

  • The proof-of-principle LFA offers a promising approach for early preeclampsia screening.
  • This technology could facilitate rapid, democratized testing for preeclampsia globally.
  • Measuring hsa-miR-17-5p levels via LFA represents a significant advancement in prenatal diagnostics.