Immunotherapy Responses in Viral Hepatitis-Induced HCC: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Junaid Anwar1, Hafiz Muhammad Arslan2, Zouina Sarfraz3
1Department of Medicine, Baptist Hospitals of Southeast Texas, Beaumont, TX 77701, USA.
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|November 26, 2024
Summary
Immunotherapy offers improved outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially in viral hepatitis-associated cases. Viral HCC patients showed significantly better progression-free and overall survival compared to non-viral HCC patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hepatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death globally, frequently associated with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viral infections.
- Existing treatments for HCC often yield suboptimal prognoses, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies.
- Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising modality for various cancers, including HCC.
Approach:
- A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted adhering to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines.
- Data from 9 randomized controlled trials, involving 5316 patients, were analyzed up to April 2024.
- Outcomes including objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using fixed-effects models.
Key Points:
- While objective response rates (ORR) did not significantly differ between viral and non-viral HCC groups, viral HCC patients demonstrated significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.005) and overall survival (OS) (p<0.0001).
- Median PFS was 7.3 months for viral HCC versus 5.8 months for non-viral HCC.
- Median OS was 16.8 months for viral HCC versus 15.2 months for non-viral HCC.
Conclusions:
- Immunotherapy demonstrates significant efficacy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in patients with viral hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) infections.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with viral hepatitis shows superior survival outcomes with immunotherapy compared to non-viral etiologies.
- Personalized treatment strategies considering the viral etiology of HCC are crucial for optimizing immunotherapy outcomes.
Keywords:
cancer treatmentclinical trialshepatitis Bhepatitis Chepatocellular carcinomaimmunotherapyobjective responsepersonalized medicinesurvivalMore Related Videos
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