Effects of Marine-Derived Components on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Gut Microbiota Diversity

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Nutrition Science
• Cardiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading global cause of death, primarily driven by atherosclerosis.
• Key risk factors for atherosclerosis include elevated cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and diabetes.
• Emerging evidence implicates inflammation, clonal hematopoiesis, and gut dysbiosis in CVD development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current evidence linking gut microbiota (GM), marine-derived ingredients, and human inflammatory diseases.
• To summarize the impact of fish-derived proteins/peptides and algae on CVD risk factors and the gut microbiome.
• To describe the interplay between these dietary components, probiotics/prebiotics, and CVDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on gut microbiota, marine ingredients, and cardiovascular health.
• Analysis of experimental and observational data linking dietary components to CVD risk factors.
• Synthesis of research on the role of probiotics and prebiotics in modulating the gut microbiome and CVDs.

Main Results:

• Gut dysbiosis is associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular illnesses.
• Marine-derived ingredients, such as fish proteins and algae, show potential in modulating CVD risk factors.
• Probiotics and prebiotics may play a role in the complex interplay between diet, gut health, and cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiota and marine-derived ingredients represent a promising area for CVD prevention and management.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which these factors influence cardiovascular health.
• Dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiome may offer novel strategies for reducing the global burden of cardiovascular disease.