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Gold Nanoparticles: Multifunctional Properties, Synthesis, and Future Prospects.

Hatice Duman1, Emir Akdaşçi1, Furkan Eker1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Türkiye.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) offer unique optical and conductivity properties for bioimaging, biosensing, and cancer therapy. Green synthesis methods provide a sustainable and cost-effective approach for producing these versatile nanomaterials.

Keywords:
chemical and physical synthesisdeliverygold nanoparticlesgreen synthesisoptical propertysurface functionalizationtoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in biological applications due to their unique physicochemical properties.
  • Their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enables advancements in bioimaging, biosensing, and cancer research, including photothermal and photodynamic therapies.
  • Functionalization allows targeted delivery, while thermal and electrical properties are valuable for advanced systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the significance of gold nanoparticles (NPs).
  • To explore their diverse properties, including optical, conductivity, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects.
  • To review synthesis methods, applications, and biosafety considerations, emphasizing green synthesis and commercialization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of chemical, physical, and green/biological synthesis techniques for gold NPs.
  • Analysis of properties such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), thermal/electrical conductivity, and biological activities.
  • Examination of current applications in bioimaging, biosensing, cancer therapy, and materials science.

Main Results:

  • Gold NPs exhibit extraordinary optical properties due to LSPR, facilitating bioimaging and cancer therapies.
  • Their inertness and functionalization capabilities lead to applications as antibacterial, antioxidant, and targeted drug delivery agents.
  • Green synthesis offers an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and biocompatible alternative to traditional methods.

Conclusions:

  • Gold nanoparticles are versatile materials with significant potential across various scientific and medical fields.
  • Green synthesis is a crucial development for sustainable and large-scale production of gold NPs.
  • Further research into toxicology and green commercialization is essential for responsible advancement.