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Fungal Group Zygomycota01:29

Fungal Group Zygomycota

Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...

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Characterization of Mycelium Biocomposites under Simulated Weathering Conditions.

Nicholas Schultz1, Ajimahl Fazli1,2, Sharmaine Piros1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, San José State University, One Washington Square, San Jose, California 95192, United States.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|November 26, 2024
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Summary

This study assessed mycelium biocomposites as an eco-friendly packaging alternative to expanded polystyrene (EPS). The material showed good thermal stability and impact resistance, even after weathering, offering a sustainable solution.

Keywords:
agricultural wastebiocompositesmyceliummycelium-compositesustainable biomaterialssustainable packaging

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Expanded polystyrene (EPS) poses environmental challenges including pollution and recycling difficulties.
  • There is a growing need for sustainable and biodegradable alternatives in the packaging industry.
  • Mycelium biocomposites grown from agricultural waste offer a promising eco-friendly solution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a mycelium biocomposite as an alternative to EPS packaging.
  • To assess the material's response to various weathering conditions (temperature, humidity).
  • To understand the structure-property relationships of mycelium biocomposites under environmental stress.

Main Methods:

  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for structural and compositional analysis.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphological changes.
  • Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) for thermal behavior.
  • Shore hardness and Izod Impact testing for mechanical properties.

Main Results:

  • The mycelium biocomposite demonstrated good thermal stability and impact resistance after weathering.
  • FTIR revealed minor structural changes and protein rearrangement due to weathering.
  • SEM showed some cracking in the cellulose substrate after exposure.
  • Low temperatures combined with humidity led to significant moisture absorption, reducing fiber hardness by half but not affecting overall impact strength.

Conclusions:

  • Mycelium biocomposites exhibit promising durability for packaging applications, withstanding various environmental conditions.
  • Weathering causes some structural and mechanical alterations, but the material retains key properties like impact resistance.
  • Understanding these structure-property relationships is crucial for optimizing mycelium-based materials for sustainable packaging solutions.