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Minimal Variation in Functional Connectivity in Relation to Daily Affect.

Kate J Godfrey1, Shefali Rai2, Kirk Graff2

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada kate.godfrey1@ucalgary.ca.

Eneuro
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Functional connectivity shows minimal association with daily mood fluctuations in individuals. Stable, individual-specific brain patterns dominate over day-to-day affect, suggesting small effect sizes for mood-related functional connectivity research.

Keywords:
affectdense samplingfunctional connectivityfunctional magnetic resonance imagingprecision imagingvariability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Reproducibility of functional connectivity (FC) findings in affective disorders is limited, partly due to the transient nature of clinical symptoms.
  • Dense sampling across multiple sessions offers a method to capture dynamic clinical states and their relationship with FC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the effect sizes of associations between FC and time-varying positive and negative daily affect.
  • To investigate the influence of daily affective states on network-level FC in a nonclinical cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 24 adults across four research visits.
  • Participants completed daily mood assessments (PANAS-X) and fMRI scans under passive viewing conditions.
  • Network-level FC was modeled in relation to positive and negative daily affect, focusing on specific brain networks and subcortical regions.

Main Results:

  • Effect sizes for associations between daily affect and network-level FC were small and not statistically significant.
  • Variance in FC was primarily explained by stable individual differences, with daily affect accounting for less than 3% of within-subject variance.
  • Results indicate that FC is dominated by subject-specific patterns rather than short-term affective changes.

Conclusions:

  • Day-to-day affective states have a minimal influence on functional connectivity compared to stable individual differences.
  • Researchers should anticipate small effect sizes when studying FC in relation to dynamic states like daily affect.
  • Careful power considerations are crucial for studies investigating FC and varying psychological states.