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Porosity and cement controlling the response of artificially cemented tailings under hydrostatic loading to high

Nilo Cesar Consoli1, João Vítor de Azambuja Carvalho2, Alexia Cindy Wagner1

  • 1Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-190, RS, Brazil.

Scientific Reports
|November 26, 2024
PubMed

Keywords:
CompactionDry stackingHigh pressuresIron ore tailingsPortland cementYielding

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The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
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