Effect of training in a sandy environment on foot morphology and function

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Biomechanics
• Exercise Physiology

Background:

• Athletes require optimal foot function for performance and injury prevention.
• Unstable surface training, like on sand, is hypothesized to improve foot function, but lacks empirical evidence.
• This study compares foot and balance capabilities between beach and indoor volleyball players.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate differences in foot and balance functions between beach volleyball (BVB) and volleyball (VB) players.
• To explore the potential benefits of training on sandy surfaces for athletes' foot and balance enhancement.

Main Methods:

• Six male BVB players and six male VB players were recruited.
• Key parameters measured included foot morphology, plantar sensation, ankle muscle strength, toe grip strength, and static/dynamic balance.
• Comparative analysis was performed between the two groups.

Main Results:

• BVB players demonstrated significantly enhanced sensory perception from the plantar surface.
• BVB players exhibited greater isometric ankle dorsiflexion strength and toe grip strength.
• Intrinsic foot muscle dominance was significantly higher in the BVB group.

Conclusions:

• Barefoot play on sand enhances tactile feedback, potentially improving foot sensory perception.
• The unstable sandy surface may strengthen intrinsic foot and lower leg muscles for better balance.
• Sand-based training could be a valuable method for improving athletes' foot and balance functions.