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Computational Fluid Dynamic Optimization of Micropatterned Surfaces: Towards Biofunctionalization of Artificial
Wenxuan He1, Aminat M Ibrahim2, Abhishek Karmakar2
1Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2024
Summary
Modifying implant surfaces with microtrenches promotes endothelial cell retention, preventing blood clots. Optimizing trench geometry is key for long-term hemocompatibility in cardiovascular devices.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cardiovascular Engineering
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Surface-induced thrombosis is a major challenge for cardiovascular implants.
- Endothelialization offers natural thrombo-resistance but is difficult to achieve long-term.
- Current materials often lack sufficient hemocompatibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a simulation framework for predicting platelet deposition on modified surfaces.
- To optimize surface topography for enhanced endothelial retention and reduced platelet deposition.
- To investigate the role of microtrenches in improving cardiovascular implant hemocompatibility.
Main Methods:
- Adapted a computational simulation framework to model platelet deposition.
- Developed an optimization strategy for surface geometric parameters.
- Evaluated endothelial retention and platelet deposition under simulated physiological conditions.
Main Results:
- Achieved a maximum of 79% linear endothelial coverage under supraphysiological shear stress.
- Demonstrated that microtrenches significantly promote endothelial retention.
- Identified optimal geometric parameters for microtrenches to enhance hemocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- Microtrench surface modification is a promising strategy for preventing thrombosis in cardiovascular implants.
- Optimal selection of microtrench geometric parameters is crucial for maximizing endothelial retention.
- This approach offers a potential long-term solution for hemocompatible cardiovascular materials.
