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Mitigating Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and
Paschalis Karakasis1, Marios Sagris2, Dimitrios Patoulias3
1Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Biomedicines
|November 27, 2024
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors show promise for reducing cardiovascular risk in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). These diabetes drugs may improve OSA severity and related cardiovascular issues.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) significantly increases cardiovascular risk, especially with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence is often poor, with inconsistent results in reducing cardiovascular events.
- GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors, used for T2D, offer pleiotropic cardiovascular benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the link between OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- To evaluate GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors as potential treatments for CVD risk in OSA patients.
- To explore the mechanisms by which these agents may benefit OSA.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pathophysiological mechanisms linking OSA and CVD.
- Analysis of emerging clinical evidence on GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors in OSA.
- Exploration of pleiotropic effects of these agents relevant to OSA.
Main Results:
- GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate weight loss, blood pressure reduction, and improved endothelial function.
- These agents may reduce OSA severity and daytime sleepiness.
- Potential to reverse adverse cardiovascular effects associated with OSA.
Conclusions:
- GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors present a promising therapeutic avenue for managing cardiovascular risk in OSA.
- Further long-term clinical trials are essential to confirm efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events and improving patient outcomes.
- These agents may offer a novel approach beyond traditional CPAP therapy for OSA patients.
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