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Recombinant Human KAI1/CD82 Attenuates Glucocorticoid-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Promoting Myogenic Differentiation.

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Correction: Ji et al. A Novel Peptide Oligomer of Bacitracin Induces M1 Macrophage Polarization by Facilitating Ca<sup>2+</sup> Influx. <i>Nutrients</i> 2020, <i>12</i>, 1603.

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Pathological Mechanisms of Particulate Matter-Mediated Ocular Disorders: A Review.

Jung-Hwa Han1,2, Chaima Amri1, Hyesook Lee1

  • 1Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 50612, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Air pollution, specifically particulate matter (PM), significantly harms eye health. This review details how PM exposure causes oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to serious eye diseases like dry eye, glaucoma, and retinal atherosclerosis.

Keywords:
air pollutionfine dustocular surfaceoxidative stressparticulate matterretinal disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), poses a significant public health risk.
  • The eyes are constantly exposed to air pollution, yet their susceptibility to PM has only recently gained research attention.
  • Existing research indicates a link between PM exposure and various ocular pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on the pathological mechanisms of PM-induced ocular disorders.
  • To facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies for PM-mediated eye diseases.
  • To review the latest findings on PM's impact on ocular surface and retinal health.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation and synthesis of data from epidemiological, in vitro, and in vivo studies.
  • Analysis of research on ocular surface disorders, retinal disorders, and other ophthalmic conditions.
  • Review focused on understanding the pathological pathways linking PM exposure to eye disease.

Main Results:

  • PM exposure is associated with dry eye syndrome, retinal atherosclerosis, and glaucoma.
  • Key pathological mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and cell death.
  • These cellular processes culminate in the development of various ophthalmic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Particulate matter is a critical factor in the development of several major eye diseases.
  • Understanding the molecular and cellular impacts of PM is crucial for developing targeted treatments.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate and combat PM-related ocular morbidity.