Preoperative Protein Profiling Among Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) Patients Following Open-Heart...

Area of Science:

• Biomarkers
• Proteomics
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a significant concern in open-heart surgery patients.
• Current methods for predicting POCD are insufficient, leading to increased cases.
• Preoperative biomarkers are crucial for early detection and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize evidence on preoperative protein profiling for predicting POCD in open-heart surgery patients.
• To identify potential circulating protein biomarkers for early POCD prediction.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Science Direct.
• Keywords included terms for POCD, cardiac surgery, and protein profiling.
• Six clinical studies reporting preoperative differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in POCD patients were selected.

Main Results:

• Only one preoperative DEP and four immediate postoperative DEPs were identified across the selected studies.
• Due to the limited number of proteins, no significant clusters or patterns were identified.
• The review highlights a significant gap in identifying reliable preoperative biomarkers for POCD.

Conclusions:

• There is a lack of validated preoperative circulating protein biomarkers for predicting POCD in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.
• Further research is urgently needed to identify and validate such biomarkers.
• Establishing reliable biomarkers could enable earlier interventions and improve patient outcomes.