D299T Mutation in CYP76F14 Led to a Decrease in Wine Bouquet Precursor Production in Wine Grape.

Area of Science:

• Plant Molecular Biology
• Enzymology
• Oenology

Background:

• Wine bouquet, a key quality indicator, develops during aging.
• The cytochrome P450 VvCYP76F14 enzyme catalyzes precursors for wine bouquet.
• Wine bouquet quality is linked to VvCYP76F14 enzyme activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of VvCYP76F14 in wine bouquet development.
• To identify genetic variations in VvCYP76F14 and their impact on precursor synthesis.
• To understand the molecular basis of wine bouquet formation in grapevines.

Main Methods:

• Cloning of VvCYP76F14 genes from five grape varieties.
• Amino acid sequence alignment to assess VvCYP76F14 variations.
• In vitro enzyme activity assays and transient overexpression systems to study function.

Main Results:

• A D299T variation in VvCYP76F14 was identified in specific offspring lines.
• This D299T mutation correlated with decreased levels of key wine bouquet precursors.
• Mutant VvCYP76F14 enzymes showed reduced in vitro activity and failed to restore precursor levels in mutant lines.

Conclusions:

• The D299T variation in VvCYP76F14 significantly reduces wine bouquet precursor content.
• VvCYP76F14 plays a critical role in regulating wine bouquet precursors in wine grapes.
• Genetic variations in VvCYP76F14 can impact wine quality by altering aroma precursor synthesis.